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networks that are difficult to see from the beach. Money leaves a trail. That trail should be followed. ### Britain cannot do this alone The smugglers do not operate only in Britain. The Channel is between Britain and France. People may travel through several countries before reaching France. Money may move across several borders. That means international cooperation is essential. British police and intelligence agencies need to work closely with their French counterparts. They also need cooperation from other European countries where networks operate. The objective should be simple: **Find the people organising the crossings and dismantle the organisations behind them.** That is very different from blaming everyone who arrives. A criminal organisation is responsible for its own actions. A person who has been exploited by that organisation is a different matter. The law needs to distinguish between the two. ### What about the boats? The boats themselves are part of the business. If smugglers can easily obtain cheap boats and engines, replace them and launch another boat when one is lost, stopping one particular vessel does little. The authorities therefore need to understand the supply chain. Where are the boats coming from? Who is selling them? Who supplies engines? Who transports them? Who stores them? Who provides fuel and equipment? Again, the principle is simple: **Do not just chase the product. Find the supplier.** ### The online problem There is another modern part of the business. Advertising. People smugglers can use social media and messaging services to reach potential customers. A journey can be advertised to people thousands of miles away without the organiser ever meeting them. That creates an opportunity for law enforcement. If a criminal organisation is advertising illegal journeys, authorities should be looking at how those advertisements can be identified, investigated and removed within the law. The internet has made the smugglers' business easier. It can also give investigators evidence. ### But enforcement alone is not enough Here is where we need to be realistic. Even if Britain and France arrested hundreds of smugglers, another problem could remain. **Demand.** If people still believe that paying a smuggler will eventually result in a better life in Britain, there will be people willing to replace the smugglers who are arrested. That is why enforcement has to be combined with other measures. Faster asylum decisions. Effective returns. Clear information. International agreements. And action against the criminal networks. All of these pieces have to work together. ### The real target There is an important principle behind all of this. The objective should not be to create fear among ordinary people. It should be to make the criminal business itself unprofitable. If the organiser loses the money, loses the equipment, loses the network and faces serious prosecution, the business becomes much harder to operate. That is a legitimate use of government power. It is lawful. It is non-violent. And it targets the people who are actually making money from dangerous journeys. But there is still a major question. Even if Britain manages to disrupt the smugglers, what happens to the people who still arrive? That brings us to the next part of the problem. **The asylum system itself.** # Chapter Six ## What Happens When They Arrive? For somebody watching the small boats arrive on television, it can look very simple. A boat reaches Britain. People get off. They are taken away by the authorities. And then what? This is where the public often loses sight of what happens next. The people who arrive may make asylum claims. Once a person claims asylum, the government cannot simply decide that the person